UNIT X UNIT 8 | 311 WORD STUDY: Antonyms Understand antonyms Read the information aloud. Then write up/down on the board. Say: These words are antonyms. Underline each word with your finger. Say: Antonyms are words with opposite meanings. What is the antonym for up? Discuss the meanings of up and down. Repeat with first/last. Echo read the information in the box and brainstorm additional examples together. A Identify antonyms Model how to find the words and their antonyms in the journal entry. Ask: Where do we find before in the journal entry? (1st excerpt, 2nd sentence) What word is the antonym of before? (after) Then have students complete Activity A individually. ANSWERS 1. after 2. last 3. started 4. downs 5. over the ground 6. left B Use antonym pairs in sentences Read aloud the directions and point out that students should complete the sentences independently with antonym pairs. Then have students share their answers in pairs. ANSWERS Sample answers: 1. We studied before the test. After the test, we played a game. 2. We wrote our first and last names at the top of the paper. 3. My English class starts at 10:00 and ends at 11:00. 4. I go up the stairs for Math class and down the stairs for Science class. 5. Birds fly over the ground. Wolves run on the ground. 6. I arrive at school at 8:00. I leave school at 2:30. C Talk about opposites Read aloud the example while students follow in a whisper read. Remind students to identify opposites on the wheel. Then have students work in pairs to complete Activity C. Ask for volunteers to share their responses with the class once they have finished. ANSWERS Sample answers: On Monday, I am excited to learn new things. But on Friday I am nervous about the test. Practice Book p. 169 Assessment Program p. 147 EXPLORE AND LEARN PRACTICE DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold Provide a word bank with pairs of antonyms (for example, happy/sad, quiet/loud, good/bad, inside/outside). Use the words to generate sentences in a shared writing experience. Amplify Direct students to write journal entries containing at least three antonym pairs. Have students brainstorm topics or expand upon sentences from Activity B. COMMUNICATE WORD STUDY Antonyms Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings, for example, up and down. Understanding antonyms can help you understand what happens in a text. Look at the examples. The course was about like mine, up and down. The f irst trial . . . / The last flight . . . The antonyms up and down show the opposite direction of the plane. The antonyms fi rst and last show the opposite times of the flights. A Find and write the antonyms for these words in Orville Wright’s journal. 1. before 2. fi rst 3. ended 4. up 5. on the ground 6. arrived B Write sentences using two or more pairs of antonyms from Activity A. Underline the antonyms. My science class starts at 9:00. It ends at 9:45. C This wheel shows opposites. Talk about opposite things. In winter, it’s cold. I build snowmen. In summer, it’s hot. I go swimming. The color blue makes me feel calm. But the color orange makes me feel nervous! 311 UNIT 8 UNIT X8 / CONNECT TO LANGUAGE ARTS
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