Page | 42 areas where Level 1 and 2 ePectiveness research could be conducted. Level 4 Evidence is critical, but alone it is not enough to establish definitively the ePectiveness of the solution. Creating a Level 4 Evidence Framework to document and organize the rationale/logic and evidence linkages, also capable of targeting future research needs is no small undertaking. It is this need for an ePicient and robust approach to both build a Level 4 Evidence Framework and identify areas where additional evidence and research is needed that is met with SEED™. Using SEED™ to establish the validity of a product, is deeply rooted in the traditions of logic and reasoning. Understanding the relationships among claims, evidence, and warrants helps illuminate the contemporary application of this process to the evaluation of product ePectiveness. Undestanding Evidence, Claims, and Warrants The concept of evidence (along with claims and warrants) is not new. To the credit of the Greek Philosophers, 2500 years ago, these concepts are well-developed and have been central to reasoning, building argument, and inquiry for centuries. To fully appreciate the context, it is crucial to understand these fundamental components that still serve as the foundation of contemporary evaluation of educational product ePectiveness. Let’s look at the definition of these components and some examples. Together, they provide a clear lens to view how these concepts can be applied to assess product ePectiveness and specifically how they provide the foundation for SEED™. What does it mean to build a rationale and shape evidence of ePectiveness based on claims, evidence, and warrants? Consider these concepts and how they work together. • Claim: states a factual proposition, stating that If “X” is true, then “y” is true. This is the proposition that needs to be verified. For educational ePectiveness, this proposition essentially states that the use of a given educational product will produce one or more benefits or intended outcomes. • Evidence: refers to the data, facts, or information that supports the claims. Evidence establishes the validity of claims and oPers verifiable proof that backs up the claim. • Warrant: serves as the logical link between claims and evidence, oPering a rationale for how the evidence supports the claims; a logical connection or bridge between the claim and the evidence.
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