S24 CHAPTER WALKTHROUGH Engage with the Theme Watch some friends talk about the power of possibilities. What You Bring Discuss events in your own life and personal achievements that you didn’t think were possible . . . until they happened. Think about: • an accomplishment in your coursework • an achievement in sports • an award you received • a challenge you faced From Your Perspective Talk about “impossible” things that humans may accomplish in the future. Consider achievements and breakthroughs in: • sports and activities • technology • science and medicine • Earth and space exploration In This Chapter Anchor Reading from Buried in the Sky by Peter Zuckerman and Amanda Padoan Listening and Speaking Speech: “A Friendly Community” Media Gregoire Pfennig: The Rubik’s Cube Designer: Guinness World Records Grammar • simple verb tenses • progressive tenses Texts from Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes song lyrics for “The Impossible Dream” by Joe Darion Social Sciences Reading “Victory Speech” by Barack Obama Careers Reading from The Phoenix Project: A Novel about IT, DevOps, and Helping Your Business Win by Gene Kim, Kevin Behr, and George Spafford Writing Research Paper Sebastian Margarita Irina Caleb The Power of Possibility 51 K2 and the World’s Tallest Mountains Buried in the Sky takes place on K2, the second-tallest mountain in the world. Its peak (highest point) measures 8,611 meters (28,251 feet). It is part of the Karakoram mountain range, which is located on the border of Pakistan and China. Although K2 is not the world’s tallest mountain, climbers still consider it the most dangerous and deadly. Look at the infographic and picture of K2. Answer the questions. 1. Which mountain has the highest peak? 2. Which country contains the majority of the top ten highest peaks? 3. Why do you think K2 is considered more dangerous than other mountains? Discuss. Altitude Survival Mountaineers who climb to high elevations must be careful of altitude sickness. As they climb higher into the atmosphere, air pressure and oxygen levels decrease. Climbers can begin to feel light-headed, confused, and nauseous at 2,400 meters (8,000 feet) above sea level. When ascending higher peaks, climbers must stop and wait at increasing elevations to allow their bodies time to adjust to the thinner atmosphere. Climbers also carry oxygen tanks with them to help them breathe. An elevation of 8,000 meters (approximately 26,000 feet) or higher is called the “death zone.” There is not enough oxygen at this level for humans to survive for long. There are 14 mountains in the world that have peaks in the death zone. All of these peaks are located in Asia, in the Himalayan and Karakoram mountains. Answer the questions. 1. At what elevation can humans experience altitude sickness? 2. What are symptoms of altitude sickness? 3. How can climbers ascend high peaks safely? 4. What is the “death zone”? Note It! List three pieces of new information you learned about mountaineering. The Power of Possibility 53 The Power of Possibility Essential Question How can we turn the impossible into the possible? Note It! How does this image relate to possibilities? Take notes. 50 CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER1 Use Prior Knowledge Impossible Odds You will read about mountain climbers who face “impossible odds.” The term “impossible odds” is the idea that something is highly unlikely to happen or even impossible. However, there are many stories of people facing adversity to “overcome impossible odds,” such as accomplishing a task no one thought was possible, or surviving something that no one thought they could. What stories have you read about or heard about where people were able to overcome impossible odds? What happened in order for these people to make the impossible possible? Discuss. Build Background Mountaineering Buried in the Sky is the true story of two mountain climbers who survived a tragic accident on one of the deadliest mountains. Mountain climbing, or mountaineering, can be both mentally and physically challenging. Mountain climbers climb hazardous terrain in dangerous weather conditions. They require specialized equipment, rigorous training, and physical and mental strength. Use the Words to Use to identify each piece of mountaineering equipment. Discuss what each is used for. Words to Use climbing rope crampons harness helmet ice axes mountaineering boots oxygen canister Academic Vocabulary adversity (n) definition example synonyms antonyms forms 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 52 CHAPTER 1 BEFORE YOU READ Build Vocabulary A The historical nonfiction novel Buried in the Sky includes these words. Which words do you already know? What do you know about them? B Read the Words to Use. Complete each sentence. 1. The rabbit was able to fit through the narrow under the fence into the garden. 2. Having the right supplies is for survival. 3. The fallen tree was so that they needed to use a crane to remove it. 4. The dark clouds in the sky made it that it was going to rain. 5. The Pulitzer Prize is one of the most awards an author can receive. C Read each sentence. Choose the definition that matches the Key Vocabulary word. 1. The sturdy home was able to sustain the storm. 2. After three days with very little sleep, the exhaustion was starting to affect her. 3. Ever since he heard about the race, the idea of running in it consumed him. 4. One way of minimizing stress before a test is to study each night. 5. He felt vulnerable standing alone in the woods. a. absorbed or occupied completely b. bear the weight of something without breaking or falling c. making smaller, lessening d. susceptible to attack or harm e. extreme tiredness D Choose two Key Vocabulary words and use them in a sentence about challenging possibilities. Somehow the massive elephant managed to fit through the very narrow passage. Video Chat Watch the video. Answer the student’s questions. Words to Use crucial: of great importance massive: very large obvious: easily understood or apparent passage: opening or gap between two points prestigious: highly respected or honored Key Vocabulary consumed crucial exhaustion massive minimizing obvious passage prestigious sustain vulnerable 54 CHAPTER 1 BEFORE YOU READ READING STRATEGY Ask Questions Review Ask Questions in the Intro Chapter Part II. Academic Vocabulary chronology (n) definition example synonyms antonyms forms Genre Historical Nonfiction You will read excerpts from the memoir Buried in the Sky by Peter Zuckerman and Amanda Padoan. The genre of Buried in the Sky is historical nonfiction. It uses third person point of view to recount real events. Authors of historical nonfiction texts must do extensive research to be sure their facts are accurate. Reading Strategy Ask Questions Asking questions as you read can help you clarify meaning, understand elements of the story better, and make predictions. Use the following question frames as you read, or add your own: • Why did the author do/say . . . ? • Why did the author choose to . . . ? • How does the author feel about . . . ? • I wonder what will happen. Will . . . ? • What does . . . mean? Map It! Text Structure: Chronology In nonfiction texts, anecdotes and events are often relayed in chronological order (the order in which the events occurred). However, sometimes authors will skip forward or backward in time to give new information. While reading a nonfiction text, it is helpful to pay attention to the chronology and ask yourself when in time an event or anecdote took place. Look for time markers (indicators of sequence such as dates, times, or words such as before and after) that serve as clues to the order things happen. You can use a chart to keep track of the order of events. This can help you make sense of the sequence of events. Analyze Event Time Marker Sequence Before I applied to music school, I wasn’t sure what I wanted to do. before Six months later, I moved into on-campus housing. six months later I finally applied to and started music school in 2023. finally, in 2023 Right after I moved in, I met my new best friend and writing partner, Justin. Right after 1 3 2 4 56 CHAPTER 1 BEFORE YOU READ Text Features Art, Photos, and Captions Text features, such as art and photos with captions, enhance a text. Images can show characters and give more information. They can clarify a situation by providing a visual representation. Captions explain the image or connect the image to the text. They can also provide additional facts or explanations. Read this sample paragraph. Then, look at the photo and caption. Notice how they work together to enhance your comprehension. The climbers made their way cautiously toward the gaping crevasse. Its sheer depth and icy walls filled them with a sense of awe and respect for the forces of nature. With calculated precision, they skillfully maneuvered around the crevasse and safely continued on their journey. Author’s Craft Pacing and Suspense Suspense is a feeling of uncertainty over what is going to happen next. It is what causes the reader’s heart to thump with fear or anxiety. In Buried in the Sky, the authors retell the story of two mountain climbers who survive a deadly incident that killed 11 others. While this event is suspenseful in itself, the authors use several techniques to retell the events in a way that keep the reader’s attention. These techniques include: • careful word choice that creates suspense through sensory details that make events seem powerful, vivid, and real • short, abrupt (sudden and unexpected) sentences to create a sense of urgency or tension • details of the setting to help the reader visualize the danger of the situation • intentional pacing of the story (the speed at which events happen), which is often at suspenseful moments Analyze Analyze Academic Vocabulary enhance (v) definition example synonyms antonyms forms Academic Vocabulary techniques (n) definition example synonyms antonyms forms ◄ a mountain crevasse 58 CHAPTER 1 BEFORE YOU READ Chapter Introduction • An Essential Question introduces the chapter’s central concept. • What You Bring and From Your Perspective activities address students’ self-awareness and activate their prior knowledge. • In This Chapter introduces learning outcomes. Before You Read • An introduction to the anchor reading activates prior knowledge and builds background. • Key words from the reading are introduced and practiced. • The recurring Note It! feature helps students prepare for the end-of-chapter writing assignment. An Engage with the Theme video introduces a group of young people talking about the theme. • Vocabulary Tutorials provide practice and reinforcement. • Video Virtual Chats encourage students to develop listening and speaking skills. • A Reading Strategy supports reading comprehension. • Key Academic Vocabulary words help students comprehend and discuss text across different subject areas. • Skill lessons provide students with the analysis tools for evidence-based discussions. Chapter Walk-Through xxv CHAPTER WALK-THROUGH
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