© 2025 Vista Higher Learning Reading and Writing Growth with Vista’s Engage 5 Implications for Instruction What does this mean for instruction? Sca olding through modeling, guided practice, and reflection—along with thoughtful first-language use and explicit attention to cohesion— helps multilingual writers build academic writing skills without lowering rigor (WWC, 2016). Because many secondary studies include mixed student groups, results specific to MLs should be interpreted with care (Graham et al., 2023). Screen and remediate decoding until students pass threshold benchmarks; then sustain explicit vocabulary and morphology instruction within content units while embedding brief, text-based comprehension strategy lessons (Wang et al., 2019; Daniel et al., 2022; Reed et al., 2016; Steinle et al., 2022). Make disciplinary language practices explicit (CALS), integrate language and content, and provide structured collaborative routines (Uccelli et al., 2015; Foorman et al., 2018). Given mixed transfer from fluency and variable e ects by entry skills, close fluency gaps strategically and monitor comprehension growth closely. Evidence syntheses with secondary students indicate that explicit vocabulary/morphology teaching and text-based comprehension strategies produce small-to-moderate gains (Capin et al., 2022; Crosson & McKeown, 2019; Sohn, 2023). These strategies, along with appropriate use of the student’s full linguistic repertoire, are likely to meet with greater success in language development (Massachusetts DESE, 2022; Hamman-Ortiz et al., 2025). Despite accumulating evidence, there remain gaps for grades 9–12 MLs: Few studies isolate ML-specific e ects in high school, transfer from word- and fluency-level gains to standardized comprehension is inconsistent, and the role of CALS within content courses needs clearer operationalization and measurement. The continuing need for ML English language instruction at the high school level has led to the development of several products and services to help English learners (ELs) develop language skills. Among those products is Engage, which is the focus of this study.
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