124 Teacher’s Edition • Lesson Three EXPANSION Section Goals In Estructura 3.1, students will learn: • forms, agreement, and position of adjectives ending in -o/-a, -e, or a consonant • high-frequency descriptive adjectives and some adjectives of nationality Student Resources Cuaderno de actividades, pp. 63–67 Online Activities, eCuaderno Teacher Resources Workbook TEs; Grammar Slides; Audio Activities online; Audio Script; Assessment Program Quizzes; Activity Pack; Middle School Activity Pack Teaching Tips • Write these adjectives on the board: ecuatoriana, alto, bonito, viejo, trabajador. Ask what each means and say whether it is masculine or feminine. • Work through the discussion of adjective forms point by point, writing examples on the board. Test comprehension by asking for the correct form of adjectives for nouns you suggest. Remind students that grammatical gender does not necessarily reflect actual gender. • Drill gender by pointing to individuals and asking the class to supply the correct form. Ex: (Pointing to male student) ¿Guapo o guapa? (Pointing to female) ¿Simpático o simpática? Then use adjectives ending in -e. Point to a male and say inteligente, then point to a female and have students provide the correct form. Continue with plurals. Extra Practice Have pairs of students write sentences using adjectives such as inteligente, alto, joven. When they have finished, ask volunteers to dictate their sentences to you while you write them on the board. Ask the class to correct any errors. Variación léxica Clarify that the adjective americano/a applies to all inhabitants of North and South America, not just citizens of the United States. Residents of the United States usually are referred to with the adjective norteamericano/a. In more formal contexts, such as official documents, the adjective estadounidense is used. estructura Adjectives that end in -o have four different forms. The feminine singular is formed by changing the -o to -a. The plural is formed by adding -s to the singular forms. el muchacho alto los muchachos altos la muchacha alta las muchachas altas Adjectives that end in -e or a consonant have the same masculine and feminine forms. el chico inteligente los chicos inteligentes la chica inteligente las chicas inteligentes el examen difícil los exámenes difíciles la clase difícil las clases difíciles Adjectives that end in -or, like adjectives that end in -o, have four different forms. el hombre trabajador los hombres la mujer trabajadora las mujeres trabajadores trabajadoras Forms and agreement of adjectives Descriptive adjectives Adjectives are words that describe people, places, and things. In Spanish, descriptive adjectives are used with the verb ser to point out characteristics such as nationality, size, color, shape, personality, and appearance. Masculine Feminine SINGULAR PLURAL PLURAL SINGULAR Masculine Feminine SINGULAR PLURAL PLURAL SINGULAR 3.1 Masculine Feminine SINGULAR PLURAL PLURAL SINGULAR In English, the forms of descriptive adjectives do not change to reflect the gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural) of the noun or pronoun they describe. Juan is nice. Elena is nice. They are nice. In Spanish, the forms of descriptive adjectives agree in gender and/or number with the nouns or pronouns they describe. Juan es simpático. Elena es simpática. Ellos son simpáticos. COMPARE & CONTRAST ANTE TODO Juanjo es un chico muy inteligente. ¡Qué interesante! Interactive Grammar Tutorial 3 Communicative Goal: Write my personal profile to post on social media Level 1, Lesson 3 Teacher’s Edition
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