UNIT X UNIT 1 | 15 DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold Work with students in small groups to help them compare and contrast the weather types with a Venn diagram. Then have students use their notes and gesturing or pantomiming to add onto the storyboard. Students can retell what they have learned to a partner. Amplify Have students research videos that show how thunderstorms produce hurricanes and tornados. Have students compare and contrast what they watched and explain why each type of storm is severe. Reading • Use visuals to support comprehension Students look at the picture and the Stay Safe! box. Ask: What weather type is shown? (hurricane) Note the similarities and differences between a hurricane and a tornado. (Both seem to have high winds. Hurricanes appear to happen near the ocean, while tornadoes form over land.) Why is the information in the Stay Safe! box helpful? (It is bulleted, short, and easy to understand.) • Use a glossary Ask volunteers to identify the words in bold type (rotate and surge). Then point out their definitions in the glossary. Ask: How do we see these actions in severe weather? Instruct students to use the words in a sentence to show understanding. • Visualize Ask students to identify words on page 15 that help them to visualize the severe weather (push forward, wall of water, covers). • Compare and contrast Direct students to find and underline words that help them to contrast the different weather types and safety measures. Students can use two colors. • Generate questions during reading Ask students if they have any questions about what they have learned so far. If they need prompting, provide an example, such as, Why do hurricanes only form over water? Guide students to discuss their questions with each other and offer answers and ideas. • Retell to confirm understanding Have students work in pairs to retell the interview thus far. Remind them to use words that signal order, such as, first, then, after that, next, and finally. Listen in to confirm students comprehend the information. Check In • Identify cause and effect Review the cause and effect reading strategy. (Cause is what makes something happen, and effect is what happens.) Ask students how this strategy helps contribute to meaning. (It shows what happened and why it happened.) • Ask and answer questions Give students time to ask each other the questions and formulate answers. Then discuss answers as a class. ANSWERS 1. Thunderstorms can produce both tornadoes and hurricanes. Like tornadoes, hurricanes rotate around a calm center. However, hurricane winds carry water, but tornadoes do not. 2. Storm surges from a hurricane can cause flooding. Too much precipitation can also cause a flood. PRACTICE GLOSSARY rotate to spin surge a sudden rise Q: How are hurricanes different from tornadoes? A: Thunderstorms also produce hurricanes. These form over very warm ocean water. Wind pushes up warm air from the ocean’s surface. The air high up in the thunderstorm is much cooler than the surface air. This difference in air temperature causes winds to rotate around a calm center, like a tornado. Unlike a tornado, the winds carry water. The most dangerous part of a hurricane is the storm surge. This happens when the hurricane’s winds push forward a wall of water. When a hurricane comes near land, the storm surge hits the coast and causes flooding. Q: Can you tell us more about floods? A: When that much water comes on land, there’s nowhere for it go. The water covers streets and even enters houses. Cars often float away. Floods can also happen from too much precipitation without a hurricane, but the worst floods are usually caused by hurricanes. Weather FACTS • Hurricane winds are from 75 to 200 miles an hour. • The center of hurricanes and tornadoes is called the eye. CHECK IN 1. Compare and contrast How are tornadoes and hurricanes similar? How are they different? 2. Cause and effect What can cause a flood? Before a hurricane: • Make sure you have a lot of food and water. • Make sure you have any medicine you need. • Have a full tank of gas in the car. • Charge your phone. • Listen to weather reports. If you are asked to evacuate the area, leave! During a hurricane: • If you didn’t have to evacuate before the hurricane, do not leave during one. • Close doors. • Stay away from windows. STAY SAFE! 15 UNIT 1 A Meteorologist Talks Weather UNIT 1 / READING
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