UNIT X 276 | UNIT 7 DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold • Vocabulary in math texts can be challenging, especially for words with multiple meanings. It can help to point out that the words space, area, formula, and times have different meanings in everyday use and in math. • To help students remember vocabulary related to mathematics, have them keep a vocabulary log with terms specific to that subject area. Have them write the word, a definition, and an example sentence. Allow them to use sketches and their home language if needed. Amplify After students finish the reading, challenge them to measure the areas and volumes of items they find in the classroom. Remind them that measurements of area are for two-dimensional surfaces. Consider dividing the room in half and have half the students take measurements in one part and half in the other. Then have the groups report their findings to the class. Instructional Routine: Mathematics p. Txxxii Area and Volume A • Understand genre Point out that this is an informational text about mathematics. • Preview a text Preview the title. Ask: What are some things we measure? (height, weight) What do you know about the concepts of area and volume? Explain to students that they will read about the terms in the text. • Focus on geometry Preview the geometric shapes. Say: Look at the pink form. What shape is it? (a rectangle) Look at the blue form. What does it look like? (a box) What letters do you see around it? (H, L, W) • Preview vocabulary Write the words in bold on the board and choral read them with the class. Tell students that these words are the focus of the reading and to listen for them as you play the audio. • Listen actively Play the audio, pausing after each paragraph. Direct students to listen closely for the words in bold as they follow along. After the first paragraph, check comprehension of the terms space, figures, covers, units, and polygon. Use sketches, synonyms, or examples as needed. After the second paragraph, check comprehension of the terms times and squared. Point out that in. is an abbreviation for inches and the superscript digit 2 means squared. After the third paragraph, point out that occupies means takes up space. After the fourth paragraph, check comprehension of the term formula. After the fifth paragraph, check comprehension of the term prism. • Read closely Have students read the text independently. Remind them to pay attention to the words in bold type and to use the strategies they have learned to determine the meaning using visual and context clues. Essential Question: How do we find the area or volume of geometric figures? Read the Essential Question aloud. Elicit examples of geometric figures, drawing them on the board. Elicit answers to the question. ANSWERS Sample answer: You can find the area of a rectangle by multiplying its length and its width. You can find the volume of a three-dimensional shape by multiplying its length by its width and then multiplying the result by its height. EXPLORE AND LEARN Area and Volume A Read the informational text. Measuring Area and Volume Area measures the amount of space that a two-dimensional fi gure covers. Area is measured in square units, such as square inches (in2), square feet (ft2), or square meters (m2). The area of a polygon can be found by counting square units or using a formula. The formula for the area of a rectangle is length times width: A = L × W Volume measures the amount of space that a three-dimensional object occupies. Volume is measured in cubic units, such as cubic centimeters (cm3), cubic meters (m3), or cubic inches (in3). The volume of a three-dimensional shape can be found by counting cubic units or using a formula. The formula for the volume of a rectangular prism is length times width times height: V = L × W × H If the length is 4 inches and the width is 3 inches, the area is 12 inches squared. 4 × 3 = 12 in2 Count the squares. The length is 6 units, the width is 4 units, and the height is 4 units. 6 x 4 x 4 = 96 units3 The volume is 96 units3. How do we find the area or volume of geometric figures? ? ESSENTIAL QUESTION W L W L H UNIT 7 276 CONNECT TO Mathematics UNIT 7 / CONNECT TO MATHEMATICS
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