UNIT X 272 | UNIT 7 DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold Be aware that some of the terms in the text may be challenging for students. After students read the text carefully, remind them that they can find the clues to the meaning of many of the words from context. Have them look for synonyms, definitions, or examples. In paragraph 1, point out that the phrases can be broken down and cannot be broken down give clues to the meaning of biodegradable. In paragraph 2, this sentence provides a definition of landfill: A landfill is a large pit, or hole, for compacted waste. Amplify Have students write a one-sentence summary of each paragraph in their own words. Remind them that they can often find the central ideas in the first sentence. Instructional Routine: Science p. Txxx Sound Managing Waste A • Understand genre Point out that students will read another informational text about science. Elicit other informational texts about science they have read. • Preview text features Draw students’ attention to the title, image, caption, and words in bold. Ask: Do you know what waste means? What does the image show? (a waste recycling plant) Remind students that they read about a different kind of plant earlier in the unit, a living thing that grows in soil. Explain that in this picture, plant means a factory where people make or process things. Ask: What do you think the people are doing? • Listen for understanding Play the audio once. Ask students to listen the first time for a general understanding. • Listen actively Play the audio a second time, asking students to follow the text closely as they listen. • Understand vocabulary in context Point out that the vocabulary in bold is important to the reading: Ask students to underline the sentences that contain the words in bold. Ask: Do the sentences give you clues about the meanings of the words? Remind students that these words are defined in the Picture Dictionary. • Identify text structure Explain to students that the central ideas of a long text are often in the first sentence of each paragraph. Write paragraph 1, paragraph 2, paragraph 3, and paragraph 4 on the board. Then ask volunteers to read the first sentence of each paragraph aloud. Ask: Which paragraph explains how people affect the environment? (paragraph 1) Which paragraphs explain how to have less waste? (paragraphs 2, 3, and 4) How many ways are given? (three) Ask students to identify the ways to reduce waste in paragraphs 2–4 and share them with the class. • Read for relevant details Direct students to read the text again independently. Have them underline any unfamiliar words. Essential Question: How does waste affect the environment? Ask students to read and discuss the Essential Question in pairs. Elicit and write ideas on the board. Point out that they can find some answers in the text. ANSWERS Sample answer: Waste can cause pollution in the air and water. EXPLORE AND LEARN Managing Waste A Read the informational text. Where Does Our Waste Go? Humans often disrupt and damage the ecosystems in Earth’s biomes. Many of our daily activities create waste. Some of the waste is biodegradable. These waste products can be broken down into the soil. Food products are biodegradable. Other waste cannot be broken down. For example, plastic bags and metal cans are not biodegradable. Countries are looking for ways to manage and reduce this waste. One way to dispose of waste is to place it in a landf ill. A landfill is a large pit, or hole, for compacted waste. The pit is lined with thick plastic. The plastic prevents waste products from leaking into the ground. Filled landfills are sealed so that nothing can get into or out of the pits. Unfortunately, dangerous gases can get into the air before the pit is sealed. Another way to dispose of waste is to burn it. Some countries have waste-to-energy plants. These plants use the burned waste to produce electricity. Burning waste, however, can have negative effects. It can release unhealthy gases into the air. Recycling reduces the amount of material in landfills. Metal cans, glass and plastic containers, newspapers, and cardboard are all items that can be recycled. Recycling prevents landfills from filling up too quickly. It can help keep ecosystems from being harmed. How does waste affect the environment? ? ESSENTIAL QUESTION a waste recycling plant UNIT 7 272 CONNECT TO Science UNIT 7 / CONNECT TO SCIENCE
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