UNIT X UNIT 7 | 253 DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold To help students understand and remember the adaptations each animal makes, draw a three-column chart with these headings on the board: Animal, Adaptation, Purpose. Ask: Which animals did we read about on page 253? (camels, reptiles, kangaroo rats) Write the names of the animals in the left column of the chart. Ask: What is one adaptation to arid deserts that camels have developed? (They have two rows of eyelashes.) What is the purpose of that? (It keeps sand out of their eyes.) Have students copy the chart and complete it in pairs. Then ask volunteers to share their notes on the other animals by adding them to the board. Amplify Have students research other animals that live in arid deserts and the adaptations they have made. Ask them to share what they found out with the class. Reading • Use visualization to enhance comprehension Read page 253 aloud, stopping after each sentence. Check comprehension of such terms as eyelashes, sand, humps, and underground, using gestures, drawing sketches, or pointing to parts of the images as needed. Then ask students to close their eyes while you play the audio for page 253 again. Say: While you listen, imagine you see camels, reptiles, and kangaroo rats. How do they adapt to the desert? After listening, ask students to share whether using visualization helped their understanding. • Identify infinitives of purpose Write these sentences from page 253 on the board: Camels have two rows of eyelashes to keep sand out of their eyes. They store fat in their humps to help them survive long periods without water. Reptiles sit in the sun to keep warm, and they sometimes go underground to keep cool. Say: Sometimes infinitive phrases beginning with to show a purpose. They tell us why a person or thing does or has something. Ask: Why do camels have two rows of eyelashes? (to keep sand out of their eyes) Why do camels store fat in their humps? (to help them survive long periods without water) Why do reptiles sit in the sun? (to keep warm) Why do reptiles sometimes go underground? (to keep cool) Check In Ask and answer questions Discuss the questions as a class. If needed, remind students of the meaning of context and cause and effect. Then have students respond to the questions in pairs. Ask volunteers to share their answers with the class. ANSWERS 1. Sweat means to lose water through the body when body temperature goes up. 2. Desert animals go underground during the day to protect themselves from the heat and keep cool. PRACTICE Animals in arid deserts have also developed adaptations. Camels have two rows of eyelashes to keep sand out of their eyes. They store fat in their humps to help them survive long periods without water. They can raise their body temperature so that they do not sweat and lose water. Reptiles can’t control their body temperature. They sit in the sunlight to keep warm, and they sometimes go underground to keep cool. Kangaroo rats and other desert animals can get water from food. Desert animals are usually nocturnal. Most of them spend the hottest part of the day underground. This protects animals from the temperatures in both hot and cold deserts. camels in a desert in Tunisia A kangaroo rat eats at night. A lizard gets warm on a rock. CHECK IN 1. Use context to develop vocabulary What does sweat mean? 2. Cause and effect Why do desert animals go underground? 253 UNIT 7 Biomes of the World UNIT 7 / READING
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