UNIT X 232 | UNIT 6 Instructional Routine: Social Studies p. Txxxi Native Americans and the American Revolution • Build content vocabulary Assess students’ understanding of the term take sides. Have students look up the two words take and side in the dictionary. Ask: Who did Native Americans side with during the American Revolution? (Some sided with the Americans and some with the British.) Let students write down their predictions of the meaning. (Their answers should reflect an understanding of the fact that to side with means to work with or help against a common enemy.) • Use prior knowledge Have students share anything of Native American culture they are familiar with. Ask: What do you know about Native American culture around you? Are there any foods you eat that Native Americans grew, or places that you know with Native American names? Essential Question: Why did Native Americans take different sides during the American Revolution? Read aloud the Essential Question and ask students to share what they know about Native Americans and the American Revolution. For example, I know that some Native Americans did not want the colonists on their land. Write their responses on the board and tell students that they will revisit the question after reading the text. A • Use text structure to predict Preview the text with students. Ask them to point out the title and pictures. Say: Look at the title. What do you think the title means? Describe the pictures. Infer what you think this text will be about. • Listen actively Play the audio of the text as students follow along. Tell students to track the words as they hear them. • Match words to text Refer to the Essential Question. Ask: Why did Native Americans take different sides during the American Revolution? Replay the audio, this time asking students to find specific information that explains why different Native Americans took different sides in the revolution. (Some Native Americans believed the British would protect them from the colonists.) • Read closely Once students have listened to the text twice, give them a chance to read it closely in pairs. Remind students to pay attention to the words in bold type and to use the strategies they have learned to determine meaning using visual and context clues. • Summarize informational text Ask students to summarize the text for a partner. Then work with the class to generate a brief summary of the central ideas in the text and write it on the board. Ensure that students understand that some Native Americans sided with the British and some sided with the Colonists in the Revolutionary War. EXPLORE AND LEARN DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold Have students reread the text and focus on Nanye’hi. Then have them make a story strip with pictures and captions about Nanye’hi’s life. Amplify Have students research other Native American chiefs and groups who took sides during the Revolutionary War. Have them prepare images and captions to present to the class. Native Americans and the American Revolution A Read the informational text. The First Americans Many Native Americans lived in North America before the colonists arrived from Britain, Spain, and France. The colonists and Native Americans had conflicts. Obwandiyag, or Pontiac, was an Ottawa chief. He was born in 1720. When he was 30, the British and French were fighting near his home. Obwandiyag sided with the French. The British won. After that, many Native Americans felt they were not treated well by the British. In 1763, Obwandiyag led 300 Native Americans to try to push out the British. They planned to take control of Fort Detroit. This started Pontiac’s War. About 900 Native Americans joined their fight for freedom. Some Native Americans took the side of The Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution. However, many sided with the British. The British promised to protect them. Thayendanegea, or Joseph Brant, was a Mohawk chief. He was born in 1743 in what is today the state of Ohio. He sided with the British against the French in Canada. When the American Revolutionary War started, six Native American nations were neutral. Joseph Brant and his sister, Molly, convinced four of the nations to side with the British. Others, like Nanye’hi, a Cherokee leader, wanted peace. She was born in 1738 in Tennessee. Her cousin Dragging Canoe sided with the British, but she sided with the colonists and often helped them. She continued to work for peace after the American Revolutionary War. Why did Native Americans take different sides during the American Revolution? ? ESSENTIAL QUESTION a portrait of Obwandiyag from 1754 a statue of Thayendanegea in Toronto, Canada a modern portrait of Nanye’hi UNIT 6 232 CONNECT TO Social Studies UNIT 6 / CONNECT TO SOCIAL STUDIES
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