UNIT X 230 | UNIT 6 Instructional Routine: Science p. Txxx An American Astronomer A • Activate prior knowledge Show pictures of the planets, the Moon, and telescopes. Ask: What are these things? What do all these things have in common? (They are related to space; people use telescopes to look at the Moon and planets.) What is the name of a person who uses this device? (An astronomer uses a telescope.) Write students’ responses on the board. • Use prior knowledge Multilingual learners who have roots in Latin America may know about their home culture’s historical astronomers, like the Maya or Aztecs. Encourage students to share this knowledge. • Understand genre Ask: What do you know about informational texts? Write information on the board and discuss its meaning. Then add -al and talk about how the meaning changes. Say: Informational texts share information with the reader. • Preview the text Read the title and captions aloud. Have students skim the text for words in bold type. Ask volunteers to describe the pictures. Remind students to use these features while they listen to help them understand the text. • Listen for understanding Play the audio once. Ask students to listen the first time for a general understanding. • Listen actively Play the audio a second time, asking students to follow the text closely as they listen. Essential Question: How can inventions help the world? Cite text evidence Ask students to read and discuss the Essential Question in pairs. Remind students to look for evidence in the text to support answers. Elicit and write ideas on the board. ANSWERS Sample answers: Inventions help us better understand the world around us. Rittenhouse’s models of the solar system helped us understand the solar system. He used the skills he learned inventing to help measure state lines. EXPLORE AND LEARN DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold Have students use the Picture Dictionary to look up the meaning of the words in bold. Have students make flash cards with a word on the front and the meaning on the back to help them remember the meaning of the words. Amplify Give students access to resources so they can research how maps are made using satellites. Have students work in pairs to find photos and information. Guide students to understand the fact that there is a tradition of using technology to understand and map the world around us. Direct students to create short presentations using the photos and information they find. Remind students to make eye contact with the audience and speak with appropriate rate, volume, and intonation while they present. David Rittenhouse and His Inventions An American Astronomer A Read the informational text. At the time of the American Revolution, many inventors were creating new things. David Rittenhouse was a scientist, astronomer, and inventor. Rittenhouse was born in Pennsylvania in 1732. He worked on his family’s farm. He didn’t go to school, but he educated himself. He liked to invent things. He built a clock when he was a teenager. In 1769, he worked with a team of astronomers around the world. They watched and studied Venus. He made his own telescope and watched the planet through it. He recorded the movement of Venus. This helped him measure the distance between the Sun and Earth. He was famous for his models of the solar system. They showed the positions and movement of the planets around the Sun. He did not invent the model, but he improved its design. He used his skills as a clockmaker to make the models work. After the American Revolutionary War, Rittenhouse measured states. He helped to create the state borders we see today. Rittenhouse contributed a lot to science and astronomy. He had weekly meetings in his home to discuss topics with other people, including Benjamin Franklin. How can inventions help the world? ? ESSENTIAL QUESTION a portrait of David Rittenhouse in 1775 a model of the solar system CONNECT TO Science 230 UNIT 6 UNIT 6 / CONNECT TO SCIENCE
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