UNIT X UNIT 6 | 223 DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold Some students may have difficulty understanding the present perfect tense. Guide these students through the activities. Have students echo read the past participles in the box with you. Model using the irregular past participles box to help students find the correct answer. Amplify Have students create a comic strip about famous Americans, with dialog that includes the present perfect. For example, John’s speech bubble: Abigail has spoken her mind. FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT Write: Present perfect tense Write three sentences using the present perfect tense. GRAMMAR: The Present Perfect Identify the present perfect tense Direct students’ attention to the Grammar box at the top of the page. Read the explanatory text aloud. Call on a volunteer to read each of the example sentences. Ask: When has almost everyone used a dictionary? Today or in the past? (in the past) Is almost everyone going to use a dictionary again? (yes) When have people added many words to the dictionary? Today or in the past? (in the past) Are people going to add words to the dictionary again? (yes) • A Apply knowledge of the present perfect tense Call on a volunteer to read sentence 1. Model referring to the irregular past participles box to find the correct answer to sentence 1. (The past participle of see is seen.) Read aloud the remaining items. Have students write their answers independently. ANSWERS 1. have seen; 2. have used; 3. has studied; 4. has taught B Use the present perfect tense Call on a volunteer to read the example sentence. Ask: What is the contraction in that sentence? (I’ve) What is the past participle verb? (used) Then have students write their sentences independently. Call on volunteers to share their sentences with the class. ANSWERS Sample answers: I’ve used a dictionary to find the correct spelling of a word. I’ve also used a dictionary to find its part of speech. C Have students work with a partner to compare their sentences. ANSWERS Sample answer: My partner and I have both used the dictionary to find the correct spelling of words. Practice Book pp. 121–122 Assessment Program p. 105 PRACTICE COMMUNICATE EXPLORE AND LEARN A Complete the sentences with the present perfect. 1. I (see) the memorial for Martin Luther King, Jr. in Washington, D.C. 2. That is not a new word. People (use) it for a long time. 3. My dad (study) the dictionary for many years. 4. He (teach) us a new word every night since we were young. B What have you used a dictionary for? Write sentences. I’ve used a dictionary to find similar words. C Share your sentences from Activity B. Which of your answers are the same as your classmate’s? invent, / in 'vent / verb to create or think of something using the imagination Similar: create make discover develop GRAMMAR The Present Perfect Use the present perfect to talk about an event that started at some time in the past. The event continues today. It may continue in the future. Form the present perfect with have / has and the past participle form of a verb. Almost everyone has used his dictionary. People have added many words to the dictionary. Maybe you’ve seen color spelled colour. We often use contractions for has and have. he has = he’s she has = she’s it has = it’s I have = I’ve we have = we’ve you have = you’ve they have = they’ve Irregular Past Participles be been become become begin begun eat eaten know known see seen speak spoken write written UNIT 6 223 UNIT 6 / CONNECT TO GRAMMAR
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjUyNzA0NQ==