UNIT x 144 | UNIT 4 Instructional Routine: Grammar p. Txxviii Grammar in Action A • Build background knowledge Read aloud the title of the text. Explain that lifestyle means the way you live, such as having a healthy lifestyle or an unhealthy lifestyle. Ensure students understand that matter means “is important.” Direct students’ attention to the subtitles. Display an illustration of the human body with internal organs. Say: Our bodies have kidneys, lungs, eyes, and a heart. Have students repeat the words as you point to each organ. Ask: How can lifestyle choices affect our body? (they can create disease) • Skim for central ideas Write on the board: They develop medicine to cure illnesses and diseases. Point to They, develop, and medicine to cure. Remind students that the subject, verb, and object express the central idea. Work with students to identify the central ideas in paragraph 1. Then direct students to skim the rest of the text. Ask: What is the central idea of sentence 4 in paragraph 2? (people with diabetes do not produce enough insulin) • Listen for understanding Play the audio, directing students to listen for central ideas. Play it again, asking students to read silently and pay attention to relevant details. Remind students to look at the words in bold type and consider how context sometimes reveals their meaning. B • Use the vocabulary Reiterate that the words in bold type in the text are important words. Echo read the questions and ensure all students are familiar with the new vocabulary. For item 3, remind students that a _self/selves word is a reflexive pronoun that points back to the subject, in this case They. • Exchange ideas Have students discuss their answers in pairs. Ask some students to share answers with the class to check comprehension. ANSWERS 1. medicine; healthy lifestyle choices; 2. kidneys, heart, and eyes; reduce the chances of getting Type 2 diabetes; 3. abnormal cells form and become tumors; by exercising and avoiding pollutants; 4. eating a lot of sugary foods or foods high in carbohydrates; smoking EXPLORE AND LEARN PRACTICE DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold Provide additional visuals to help students understand unfamiliar vocabulary, including the words in bold type. You may wish to bring in diagrams (body cells or the process of creating/ not creating insulin), show photos (pollutants), and gesture (damage, reduce, lungs) to solidify understanding. Amplify Provide access to resources and have students illustrate a process in the body. Direct students to diagram the process and label the elements then write the stages using sequence words. Sample answer: First, the body makes insulin. Next, the insulin takes glucose to cells. Then the cells use glucose for energy. UNIT 4 / CONNECT TO GRAMMAR Grammar in Action A Read the informational text. Lifestyle Choices Matter Scientists do a lot to keep people healthy. They develop medicine to cure illnesses and diseases. However, people must also take care of their health. They should make healthy lifestyle choices to protect themselves against serious diseases. Unhealthy lifestyle choices can cause these two diseases. Type 2 Diabetes Your body makes insulin. This brings glucose, a type of sugar, to cells in your body. Cells use glucose for energy. When a person has diabetes, their body either does not produce insulin or does not use insulin well. As a result, glucose stays in their blood. It does not get to the cells. Over time, too much glucose in the blood can hurt the cells. It can also damage the kidneys, heart, and eyes. Both a healthy diet and regular exercise can reduce the chance of getting type 2 diabetes. Lung Disease A person gets lung disease when abnormal cells grow in the lungs. These abnormal cells can become tumors. The tumors damage the lungs. Regular exercise can protect your body against lung disease. It’s important to avoid pollutants, too. B Use the vocabulary 1. What can cure diseases? What else is important to fight disease? 2. What parts of the body can type 2 diabetes damage? What do a good diet and exercise do? 3. What happens when a person has lung disease? How can people protect themselves against this disease? 4. What unhealthy choices do you think can cause type 2 diabetes and lung disease? Tutorial CONNECT TO Grammar UNIT 4 144
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