UNIT X 104 | UNIT 3 DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold Provide visuals to help students understand unfamiliar vocabulary, including the words in bold type. You may wish to show photos (field, stalk, tassels) and gesture (plant, plow, harvest) to solidify understanding. Amplify Have students write an informational text that describes something they do by hand. They can provide the steps to complete the activity. Students swap their writing with a partner to check. Instructional Routine: Grammar p. Txxviii Grammar in Action A • Use text features to predict Have students preview the text, focusing on the title, the words in bold type, the illustrations, and the photo. Ask: What do you see in illustrations and the photo? Say: Think about the title and the photo. What do you predict this text is about? (corn) • Understand genre Write informational text on the board. Ask students to share what they remember about the features of informational texts. If necessary, clarify that informational texts provide facts to help you learn about a topic. • Listen for understanding Play the audio, directing students to listen for general understanding. Play it again and have them read silently and pay attention to the words in bold type. Point out context clues that might reveal their meaning. B • Use vocabulary Reiterate that the words in bold type in the text are important words. Echo read the directions and the questions, and ensure all students are familiar with the new vocabulary. • Exchange ideas Direct students to the first sentence in the fourth paragraph. On the board, write by hand. Ask: What does it mean to harvest by hand? What can you infer from it? Provide another sentence that uses the phrase. (It means doing something with your hands. It infers you don’t use machines. For example, I draw pictures by hand.) Have students read the questions and complete Activity B. ANSWERS 1. People and animals depend on corn. They need it for food. 2. Farmers prepare the fields by adding fertilizer to the soil. After that, they plow the fields. Finally, they plant the seeds. 3. Farmers harvest corn by picking it by hand or with a special machine. EXPLORE AND LEARN PRACTICE Grammar in Action A Read the informational text. CON22_ArtSpecForm_L5U3_p104 corn flakes cornbread tortillas popcorn corn kernels corn on the cob ears of corn Corn Crops Scientists think people started growing corn in Mexico about 7,000 years ago. The methods for growing corn spread to the Southwestern United States and parts of Latin America. Today, corn is still an important crop. People and animals depend on it for food. Farmers in the United States grow about 40 percent of the world’s corn, and the corn from one farmer’s crop can provide food for about 130 people. Before farmers plant corn, they prepare the fields. First, they add fertilizer to the soil to help the plants grow. Next, they plow the fields. Farmers then plant the seeds about two inches deep. They do this in late April or early May. It takes two to six months to grow corn. It grows well in hot temperatures with a lot of sunlight. Cornstalks grow five to eight feet high. When the stalk is done growing, a tassel grows on the top of the plant. The tassel releases pollen, and then the ears of corn start to grow. A cornstalk usually grows only one or two ears of corn. Farmers harvest corn by hand or with a special machine. A farmer pulls down quickly on the ear of corn and twists it to remove it from the plant. Corn is important in many cultures. People eat corn, and they make things from it—like tortillas, cereal, cornbread, and popcorn. B Use the vocabulary 1. Who depends on corn? Why? 2. What are the steps to growing corn? 3. How do farmers harvest corn? CONNECT TO Grammar UNIT 3 104 Tutorial UNIT 3 / CONNECT TO GRAMMAR
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