UNIT X 62 | UNIT 2 Instructional Routine: Grammar p. Txxviii Grammar in Action A • Understand genre Preview An Amazing Waterfall with students. Tell them that it is an informational text. Ask: Which other informational text did we read? What are the features of an informational text? • Use text features to make a prediction Ask students to point out the text features. They should identify the title, the photos, and the words in bold type. Then have students predict what the text will be about. Ask: What is the title? What do you see in the photo? What are the words in bold type? What do you think this text is about? • Listen to media to build academic language Play the audio once, having students listen to gain a general understanding of the informational text without looking at the words. Then replay it, this time asking students to read along silently. Have them pay special attention to the words in bold type and their context. B • Use context to determine meaning On the board, write the boldfaced words: cliffs, drops, gorge, crashing and mist. Model how to determine the meaning of the term cliffs in this context. Say: The water approaches high cliffs. What is the water coming to that is high? (similar to a mountain, a vertical rock face) Some words may be difficult to understand, so students can use a dictionary to find their meanings. Ask students to use the new words in a sentence to show their understanding. • Use the vocabulary Have students analyze the photo and the activity in pairs before answering the questions. ANSWERS 1. Water drops over the cliffs into the gorge below. 2. The crashing water sounds like thunder. 3. At the top, the mist looks like dark smoke. At the bottom of the falls, the mist looks white. 4. A moonbow is formed when the Moon shines through the mist at night. EXPLORE AND LEARN DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION Scaffold Review the words in bold in the text. Have students identify context clues and explain how they were able to understand these new words from the text and the picture. Amplify Have students imagine they visited a huge waterfall and write a blog post about it. Students can research other waterfalls around the world, like Angel Falls and Iguazú Falls. Say: Why did you visit the waterfall? Who did you visit it with? How did you feel watching and hearing a huge waterfall? Describe the experience. PRACTICE Grammar in Action A Read the informational text. An Amazing Waterfall Victoria Falls is a beautiful waterfall between Zambia and Zimbabwe in southern Africa. It is one of the Natural Wonders of the World. It’s the largest waterfall in the world. Everyone who comes to Victoria Falls is amazed by the beauty. The Zambezi River moves peacefully over the plains of Africa. The water approaches high cliffs. Then, it drops 355 feet over the cliffs into the gorge below. The power of the falling water created this gorge over thousands of years. The crashing water makes a loud noise that sounds like thunder when it hits the rocks below. It also creates a fi ne mist. The mist looks white at the bottom of the falls, but it looks like dark smoke at the top. People can see the mist and hear the sound from miles away. They call the falls Kololo because it means “the smoke that thunders.” The mist causes rainbows during the day when the Sun shines through it. It creates moonbows at night. Archeologists found stone tools near the falls. They think someone used the tools over two million years ago. Today, visitors around the world visit the falls. Nothing is more exciting than seeing the falls up close. B Use the vocabulary 1. What happens after the water approaches the cliff? 2. What does the crashing water sound like? 3. How is the mist different at the top and the bottom of the falls? 4. What can you infer about how a moonbow is formed? UNIT 2 62 CONNECT TO Grammar Tutorial UNIT 2 / CONNECT TO GRAMMAR
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