MY GOALS for this unit Reading • Read two myths • Summarize Language Arts • Read a pourquoi tale • Identify theme Science Connect the solar system and mythology Social Studies Analyze how Vikings used tools Math Identify patterns in place value Music Listen and chant Art Discover gargoyle sculptures Writing Write a myth CONNECT TO THE THEME These constellations are Ursa Major (the big bear), Cygnus (the swan), and Ursa Minor (the little bear). 1. What other objects in the sky have names? 2. Look at Ursa Major and Ursa Minor. What similarities and differences do you see in the star patterns? 3. Why do you think people named the patterns of stars? UNIT 5 163 Tales About the Universe BIG Idea Myths explain why things happen in the world and the universe. UNIT 5 Unit 5 162 Myths Use Prior Knowledge A long time ago, people told stories to explain things they didn’t understand. Myths told stories about how animals were created, why stars are in the sky, and other mysteries. You learned how hoodoos form in Unit 2. The Paiute people tell a myth about hoodoos. The story is that the hoodoos were greedy people. They were invited to a meal and turned to stone because of their greed. A Discuss the questions. 1. What do you remember about the science of hoodoo formation? 2. Look at the image of hoodoos. Do they look like people to you? What other story can you tell about how they formed that is not science? Arachne and Anansi Build Background In myths, characters often have names that tell what they are. Arachne is a character in a Greek myth. Arachne is a Greek word that means “spider.” Anansi is a character in a West African myth. Akan is a language people speak in Ghana, a country in West Africa. Anansi is an Akan word that means “spider.” A Discuss the questions. 1. Spiders weave webs. What do they use the webs for? 2. What things do people weave? BEFORE YOU Read UNIT 5 164 Summarize Reading Strategy When you summarize a story, you give the main events and relevant details in your own words. You don’t retell the entire story. Summarizing helps you understand a text. You can use these words when you summarize: . . . is about . . . The main characters are . . . In the beginning / middle / end, . . . Try Out the Strategy A Reread Kiki’s Journey on pages 88–97. Complete the word web with the central ideas. B Use your notes to summarize Kiki’s Journey. C Write a summary of Kiki’s Journey. school Pueblo tour Grandma’s house what she learns Kiki’s Journey Kiki’s Journey is about a girl who visits an important place. In the beginning, Kiki is upset at school because . . . The main character is Kiki. Other characters are members of her family and people at school. UNIT 5 165 argue Sometimes I argue with my sister. Then, we make up. reward I got a reward for writing the best story. lightly I touch the chick lightly so I won’t hurt it. competition My friend did well at the spelling competition. boldly She climbs the ropes boldly. She is not afraid. admit I admit I broke the dishes. proudly My mom smiled proudly when she saw my grades. trick This image tricks your eyes. Do you see two faces or a vase? clever Luca is clever. He always beats his father. Vocabulary in Context The myths you will read include these words. Which words do you already know? Tutorial UNIT 5 166 BEFORE YOU Read Use the Vocabulary A Which key words from page 166 are positive? Which words are negative? Which could be both? Complete a chart like this one. Explain your answers. Develop Vocabulary Connotative Meanings Denotation is the meaning of a word in a dictionary. A word can have a positive or a negative connotation. The connotation is the feeling that a word shows. Read the sentence about Kiki’s Journey in Unit 3. Kiki’s mother blushes while Kiki smiles and hums along. denotation: her face turns red connotation: positive; Kiki’s mom feels happy, so blush has a positive connotation. Read another sentence about Kiki’s Journey. Kiki blushes and looks down sadly when her teacher asks her a question. denotation: her face turns red connotation: negative; Kiki feels bad, so blush has a negative connotation. A Look at the meanings of the words. Write D for denotation and C for connotation. Identify the positive and negative connotations. 1. spider a mysterious, scary creature a clever creature, a protector a small creature with eight legs 2. web a protective place that keeps bad things away a net made from threads woven by a spider a dangerous place where you can get trapped positive negative could be positive or negative clever 167 UNIT 5 WALK-THROUGH Unit Opener • A Big Idea introduces the unit’s central concept. • A striking visual and Explore the Image questions activate prior knowledge. • My Goals introduce learning outcomes. Before You Read • An introduction to the reading activates prior knowledge and builds background. • A Reading Strategy supports reading comprehension. • Key words from the reading are introduced and practiced. • Vocabulary strategies are introduced. A Connect to the Theme video introduces the theme. • Vocabulary Tutorials provide practice and reinforcement. • Video Virtual Chats encourage students to develop listening and speaking skills. Tix
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