Portales - PROGRAM SAMPLER

Teaching Tips • Remind students that vosotros/as forms will not be practiced actively in Portales . • Model the pronunciation of each infinitive and have students repeat it after you. • Model the yo form of sev- eral verbs, creating simple sentences about yourself (Ex: Bailo con mis amigos. ) and asking students if they do the same activities (Ex: ¿Bailas mucho con los amigos? ). Restate students’ answers using the él/ella forms of the –ar verbs and then ask them to verify their classmates’ answers. Ex: ¿____ baila mucho? No, ____ no baila. • To personalize the information presented here, have students ask each other about the activities they do on a typical day of the week (e.g., Friday). Ask students to take out a piece of paper and write ¿A qué hora...? and underneath list desayunar, terminar las clases, and cenar . Model question and answer formation with your own information. Have students interview each other in pairs and then report back to the class. • Explain that the simple present tense in Spanish is the equivalent of the three present tense forms of English. Model sentences and give a few additional examples. • Introduce additional examples of a conjugated verb followed by an infinitive. • Explain that, when answering questions negatively, no must be used twice. To practice this construction, ask questions of students that will most likely result in negative answers. Ex: —____, ¿bailas tango? —No, no bailo tango. Estructura 51 TEACHING OPTIONS Heritage Speakers Have heritage speakers talk about their current semester/quarter: what they study, if/where they work, which television programs they watch, etc. Ask the rest of the class comprehension questions. Extra Practice Ask students to create a two-column chart with the heads Necesito… and Espero… , and have them complete it with six things they need to do this week, and six things they hope to do after the semester is over. Ex: Necesito estudiar. Espero viajar. Then have them interview a classmate and report back to the class. Pairs Ask student pairs to write ten sentences using the verbs presented in this section. Point out that students can use vocabulary words from Contextos with these verbs. Have pairs share their sentences with the class. 51 cincuenta y uno estudiar explicar hablar llegar llevar mirar necesitar (+ inf .) practicar preguntar preparar regresar terminar tomar trabajar viajar to study to explain to talk; to speak to arrive to carry to look (at); to watch to need to practice to ask (a question) to prepare to return to end; to finish to take; to drink to work to travel bailar buscar caminar cantar cenar comprar contestar conversar desayunar descansar desear (+ inf .) dibujar enseñar escuchar esperar (+ inf .) to dance to look for to walk to sing to have dinner to buy to answer to converse, to chat to have breakfast to rest to desire; to wish to draw to teach to listen (to) to wait (for); to hope Common -ar verbs  ¡Atención! Unless referring to a person, the Spanish verbs buscar , escuchar , esperar , and mirar do not need to be followed by prepositions as they do in English. Busco la tarea. I’m looking for the homework. Escucho la música. I’m listening to the music. Espero el autobús. I’m waiting for the bus. Miro la pizarra. I’m looking at the board. COMPARE & CONTRAST English uses three sets of forms to talk about the present: (1) the simple present ( Paco works ), (2) the present progressive ( Paco is working ), and (3) the emphatic present ( Paco does work ). In Spanish, the simple present can be used in all three cases. Paco trabaja en la cafetería. 1. Paco works in the cafeteria. 2. Paco is working in the cafeteria. 3. Paco does work in the cafeteria. In Spanish and English, the present tense is also sometimes used to express future action. Marina viaja a Madrid mañana. 1. Marina travels to Madrid tomorrow. 2. Marina will travel to Madrid tomorrow. 3. Marina is traveling to Madrid tomorrow.  When two verbs are used together with no change of subject, the second verb is generally in the infinitive. To make a sentence negative in Spanish, the word no is placed before the conjugated verb. In this case, no means not . Deseo hablar con el señor Díaz. I want to speak with Mr. Díaz. Alicia no desea bailar ahora. Alicia doesn’t want to dance now.