Repase y escriba - PROGRAM SAMPLER

SECCIÓN grAMATICAL 149 Adverbial clauses have the same function as adverbs but they have a subject and a predi- cate and are introduced by conjunctions or conjunctive phrases: Te ayudaré cuando (tú) me necesites . I’ll help you when you need me . Unlike noun clauses and relative clauses, adverbial clauses may precede the main clause: Le daré tu recado a Ernesto antes de que se vaya or Antes de que Ernesto se vaya, le daré tu recado . I’ll give Ernesto your message before he leaves . Adverbial clauses take the subjunctive or the indicative according to the following rules. 1 Conjunctive phrases that denote proviso, supposition, and purpose, are always followed by the subjunctive. The most common conjunctive phrases of this kind are: a fin de que in order that, so that a menos que unless a no ser que unless con tal (de) que provided (that) en caso (de) que in case (that) no sea (fuera) que lest (so that... not), in case that para que in order that, so that sin que without Te compré una entrada para que I bought a ticket for you in order (a fin de que)* veas la exhibición. that (so) you see the exhibit. No podrá Ud. ver esas joyas a menos You won’t be able to see that jewelry que vaya al museo. unless you go to the museum. Te compraré lo que quieras con tal I will buy you whatever you want de que me des el dinero. provided that you give me the money. En caso de que me necesites, estaré In case you need me I will be in my en mi habitación. room. Antonio apuntó la fecha, no fuera que Antonio wrote down the date lest he se le olvidara. (so he wouldn’t) forget it. Ernil enterró los sacos de oro sin que Ernil buried the sacks of gold without nadie lo viera. anybody’s seeing him.** Para que and sin que are formed by combining que with the prepositions para and sin res- pectively. When there is no change of subject, para and sin are not followed by que and the infinitive is used. Le escribiríamos para remitirle el We would write him in order to send him cheque. the check. Siempre entra sin mirarme. He always enters without looking at me. * Para que is far more common in the spoken language than a fin de que . **Note that English uses a possessive here plus the – ing form while Spanish uses a subject plus the subjunctive.