Pura vida - PROGRAM SAMPLER

156 ciento cincuenta y seis | CAPíTULO 4 El trabajo y la ciudad B. Reflexive pronouns and pronominal verbs In Spanish, many verbs are used with reflexive pronouns more often than not, even if the event is not truly reflexive (i.e., the subject is not acting upon him/herself). These verbs are known as pronominal verbs. You have already been using one of these verbs: llamar(se) . ¿Cómo te llamas ? Me llamo Patricia y ella se llama Sara. Note that the subject pronoun ( yo ) and the reflexive pronoun ( me ) refer to the same person. Subject pronouns llamarse despertarse (e → ie) (to wake up) (yo) me llamo me desp ie rto (tú) te llamas te desp ie rtas (él, ella, Ud.) se llama se desp ie rta (nosotros/as) nos llamamos nos despertamos (vosotros/as) os llamáis os despertáis (ellos, ellas, Uds.) se llaman se desp ie rtan The following verbs usually take a reflexive pronoun (please note that most of these verbs can also be used without the reflexive pronoun to express a non reflexive event). To talk about the daily routine acost-ar(se) (o → ue) to lie down duchar(se) to take a shower afeitar(se) to shave (oneself) lavar(se) to wash (oneself) bañar(se) to bathe (oneself) levantar(se) to get up cepillar(se) to brush (e.g. teeth or hair) maquillar(se) to put on makeup despertar(se) (e → ie) to wake up peinar(se) to comb (one’s hair) dormir(se) (o → ue) to fall asleep sentar(se) (e → ie) to sit down No reflexive pronoun used: La mamá acuesta a los niños a las ocho. The mom puts the children to bed at eight . Reflexive pronoun used: Ella se acuesta unas horas más tarde. She goes to bed a few hours later . To talk about cloth vestir(se) (e → i) to get dressed poner(se) to put (something) on quitar(se) to take clothes off No reflexive pronoun used: Gabriel pone sus papeles en el portafolio. Gabriel puts his papers in his briefcase . Reflexive pronoun used: Después se pone la chaqueta y sale de casa. Thenheputs his jacket onand leaves thehouse . To talk about changes of state or mood sentir(se) (e → ie) to feel divertir(se) (e → ie) to enjoy oneself enojar(se) to become angry, to get upset aburrir(se) to get bored No reflexive pronoun used: Gabriel siente mucha presión por hacer un buen trabajo. Gabriel feels a lot of pressure to do a good job . Reflexive pronoun used: Al final del día, Gabriel se siente muy cansado. At the end of the day Gabriel feels really tired .