DESCUBRE 22 - PROGRAM SAMPLER

208 Teacher’s Edition • Lesson Five TEACHING OPTIONS EXPANSION TPR Call out a series of sentences with direct object nouns, some of which require the personal a and some of which do not. Ex: Visito muchos museos. Visito a mis tíos. Have students raise their hands if the personal a is used. Extra Practice Write six sentences on the board that have direct object nouns. Use two verbs in the simple present tense, two in the present progressive, and two using ir a + [ infinitive ]. Draw a line through the direct objects as students call them out. Have students state which pronouns to write to replace them. Then, draw an arrow from each pronoun to where it goes in the sentence, as indicated by students. Section Goals In Estructura 5.4 , students will study: • direct object nouns • the personal a • direct object pronouns Student Resources Cuaderno de actividades , pp. 138–139 Online Activities, eCuaderno Teacher Resources Workbook TEs; Grammar Slides; Audio Activities online; Audio Script; Assessment Program Quizzes; Activity Pack; Middle School Activity Pack Teaching Tips • Write these sentences on the board: —¿Quién tiene el pasaporte? —Juan lo tiene . Underline pasaporte and explain that it is a direct object noun. Then underline lo and explain that it is the masculine singular direct object pronoun. Translate both sentences. Continue with: —¿Quién saca fotos? —Simón las saca. —¿Quién tiene la llave? —Pilar la tiene. • Read this exchange aloud: —¿Haces las maletas? —No, no hago las maletas. —¿Por qué no haces las maletas? —No hago las maletas porque las maletas no están aquí. Ask students if the exchange sounds natural to them. Then write it on the board and ask students to use direct object pronouns to avoid repetition. • Ask questions to elicit the personal a: ¿Visitas a tu abuela los fines de semana? ¿Llamas a tu amigo los sábados? Direct object nouns and pronouns SUBJECT VERB DIRECT OBJECT NOUN Olga Lucía y Valentina están tomando fotos. Olga Lucía and Valentina are taking photos. A direct object noun receives the action of the verb directly and generally follows the verb. In the example above, the direct object noun answers the question What are Olga Lucía and Valentina taking? When a direct object noun in Spanish is a person or a pet, it is preceded by the word a . This is called the personal a ; there is no English equivalent for this construction. Mariela mira a Carlos. Mariela mira televisión. Mariela is watching Carlos. Mariela is watching TV. In the first sentence above, the personal a is required because the direct object is a person. In the second sentence, the personal a is not required because the direct object is a thing, not a person. me te lo la me you you him; it you her; it S I N G U L A R nos os los las us you (fam.) you (m., form.) them (m.) you (f., form.) them (f.) P L U R A L Direct object pronouns are words that replace direct object nouns. Like English, Spanish uses a direct object pronoun to avoid repeating a noun already mentioned. DIRECT OBJECT DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUN Maribel hace las maletas. Maribel las hace. Felipe compra el sombrero. Felipe lo compra. Vicky tiene la llave. Vicky la tiene. 5.4 Direct object pronouns Communicative Goal: Ask and answer questions about daily life and preferences VERIFICA ¡Está bien! La llevo yo. Yo los espero aquí. 208 Lección 5 doscientos ocho